Good advice. I would add that a surgical means the uterus can be examined and if there are cysts present they can be dealt with at the same time. It increases your success rate and reduces the risk of a pyo.

The reproductive vet I use states that she is having larger litters and a higher number of pregnancies using TCI. Something about being able to slowly expand the horn and keep it expanded for a longer period using TCI. I believe TCI is the method used in most foreign countries with frozen.

I just had a litter of 9 using frozen semen and TCI.

I just missed my girl using TCI, but before this miss, I had five successful TCI breeding's in a row, with average of 8 pups per litter. I highly recommend TCI.

Two and a half years ago, Hutch did a frozen surgical on a Borzoi, that went back to my lines and it produced 9 pups. He said it was the oldest frozen semen he had ever used.